Gemischte Erfolgsmeldungen aus Afghanistan

Afghan soldiers from 4th Toli, 2nd Kandak of the Afghan National Army, provide overwatch for the Kona Kumar valley in Afghanistan’s Wardak Province. (Photo by U.S. Army Sgt. Michael Sword via flickr/CC-BY-License)

Das US-Verteidigungsministerium hat den regelmäßigen Halbjahresbericht an den Kongress zum Fortschritt in Afghanistan vorgelegt, und der Bericht zeigt ein sehr gemischtes Bild. In den Bevölkerungszentren habe sich die Sicherheitslage zwar deutlich verbessert, dennoch seien die Aufständischen nach wie vor – oder sogar zunehmend – in ländlichen Gebieten stark (wie auch hier schon mal beschrieben). Und vor allem: die Zahl der Angriffe sei trotz des Rückgangs noch immer höher als vor zwei Jahren.

Der gesamte Bericht lässt sich hier herunterladen; die Zusammenfassung der New York Times hier, der Christian Science Monitor legt den Schwerpunkt auf die anhaltende Gefahr durch Insider-Attacken.

Weil es aus deutscher Sicht besonders interessieren dürfte, hier die Passage zur Sicherheit im Regionalkommando Nord:

During the reporting period, RC-N accounted for four percent of all EIAs from April 2012 through September 2012, an increase of one percent compared to the corresponding period from the previous year. From April 2012 through September 2012, EIAs in RC-N increased 28 percent compared to the corresponding period one year ago.
Operations in RC-N focused on key terrain in Faryab, Balkh, Kunduz, and Baghlan provinces, where the majority of the insurgents remain restricted in ethnic Pashtun pockets. With a view to planned force realignments, RC-N succeeded in establishing a stronger ANSF presence in the western part of RC-N, and effectively focused operations on supporting the ANSF in expanding GIRoA authority in Faryab province.
The insurgent strategy in RC-N evidenced minimal change this reporting period, with insurgents continuing to focus on high-profile attacks (HPAs) and assassinations directed at Afghan government officials and emplacing IEDs along the Baghlan-Kunduz corridor.
Counterterrorism (CT) operations against Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU) leadership were effective at disrupting potential operations, and further attrition of the network could impede operational capability. However, the IMU remains a resilient group and will recover in the absence of persistent pressure. ISAF does not expect the insurgency to expand influence in northern Afghanistan, nor is it likely that attacks will increase further from norms in this region.
The Tranche 3 Transition Announcement in May 2012 covered another 46 districts in 5 provinces of RC-N, including the provincial capitals Kunduz and Maimanah, also placing all districts of Jowzan Province in Transition. All provinces in RC-N are now in Transition, with only 23 of the 123 districts in the region yet to enter the process. With the exception of the less secure districts in the far west of the region; all remaining districts are assessed as being ready to enter the Transition process within 12 months.
Following force retrograde and realignment (including the closure of Provincial Reconstruction Teams (PRTs) in Feyzabad, Badakhshan, Faryab, and Maimanah), Coalition forces will no longer have an enduring presence in the western and eastern parts of RC-N. The ANSF are suitably developed to take lead in those respective areas. Nevertheless, RC-N has implemented an approach that will support situational awareness in areas without enduring Coalition force presence and – if required – establish temporary options to advise and support. This approach
will set the standard for other areas of the country, which will retrograde and realign ISAF forces in a similar manner.

Ein Satz springt da sofort ins Auge: From April 2012 through September 2012, EIAs in RC-N increased 28 percent compared to the corresponding period one year ago. EIA steht für Enemy Initated Attacks, also auf Deutsch: Die Zahl der Angriffe von Aufständischen hat innerhalb eines halben Jahres um fast 30 Prozent zugenommen. Auch wenn im Gesamtvergleich zu den umkämpften Regionen des Südens der Anteil von Anschlägen im Norden sehr gering ist: Das klingt nicht wie eine gute Nachricht. Und: weiterhin ist der Baghlan-Kundus-Korridor die Problemregion. Das ist dort, wo im kommenden Jahr ISAF, also in erster Linie die Bundeswehr, den OP North und das PRT Kundus aufgeben will.